Israel invaded Lebanon in 1982 primarily to combat the Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO), which had established a significant military presence in southern Lebanon, posing a direct threat to Israeli security. The invasion, known as Operation Peace for Galilee, aimed to eliminate PLO military infrastructure and prevent cross-border attacks against Israeli citizens. The context of the invasion is rooted in a series of escalating attacks by the PLO and a broader desire to establish a buffer zone in southern Lebanon to enhance Israel's security. The operation initially met with rapid military success, leading to the siege of Beirut and the eventual withdrawal of PLO forces from Lebanon. However, the invasion also led to unintended consequences, including the rise of Hezbollah as a formidable militant group, which emerged in response to the Israeli presence and grew increasingly hostile toward Israel. The prolonged military engagement and occupation in Lebanon eventually led to significant casualties and contributed to complex regional dynamics that continue to influence Israeli-Lebanese relations today. The 1982 invasion highlights the challenges inherent in military interventions, particularly the difficulty of achieving lasting security and stability in regions marked by deep-seated political and ideological conflicts.