Israel is located in the Middle East, bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the west, and neighboring countries including Lebanon to the north, Syria to the northeast, Jordan to the east, and Egypt to the southwest. This strategic positioning places Israel at the intersection of Africa and Asia, contributing to its historical significance as a cultural and trade hub throughout antiquity and modern times. The country covers an area of approximately 22,000 square kilometers (8,500 square miles), making it relatively small compared to its neighbors. Major cities such as Jerusalem, the capital with profound historical and religious significance, and Tel Aviv, known for its vibrant culture and economic activity, are essential components of its identity. The diverse geography includes coastal plains, mountainous regions, and the arid Negev Desert, contributing to a rich ecological landscape. Israel's location in the world has historically made it a focal point for various civilizations, empires, and religious traditions, and its modern statehood is intertwined with the complex geopolitical dynamics of the region. Understanding Israel's position in the world involves recognizing its significance in international relations, its interactions with neighboring countries, and the ongoing complexities of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.