Israel's relationship with Palestine is marked by a complex and tumultuous history characterized by conflict, territorial disputes, and a series of political negotiations aimed at achieving peace. The roots of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict trace back to the early 20th century, with the rise of nationalist movements among both Jews and Arabs. Following the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, significant tensions erupted, leading to the displacement of hundreds of thousands of Palestinians, an event known as the Nakba, or catastrophe. Since then, Israel's actions in the occupied territories, particularly the West Bank and Gaza Strip, have included military operations, settlement expansion, and security measures, often justified by the Israeli government as necessary for national security. However, these actions have led to widespread criticism and allegations of human rights violations, exacerbating the humanitarian crisis in Palestinian territories. Efforts for peace, such as the Oslo Accords and various international initiatives, have seen limited success, with issues like borders, refugees, and the status of Jerusalem remaining contentious points of contention. The ongoing conflict continues to shape the lives of both Israelis and Palestinians, highlighting the urgent need for dialogue and reconciliation to address historical grievances and foster a path toward mutual understanding and coexistence.