Israel is currently at war with various militant groups, most notably Hamas, which governs the Gaza Strip. This conflict has deep historical roots, stemming from the broader Israeli-Palestinian conflict that has persisted for decades. The hostilities often escalate during periods of heightened tension, leading to military operations and rocket attacks across the borders. In addition to Hamas, Israel also confronts threats from other groups such as Islamic Jihad and Hezbollah, which is based in Lebanon. These conflicts often arise from disputes over territory, security concerns, and the status of Palestinian refugees. The cycles of violence have resulted in significant loss of life and destruction, prompting international concern and calls for peace negotiations. Israel's military actions are frequently justified as necessary for national defense against ongoing rocket fire and attacks from these groups, while critics argue that they contribute to the humanitarian crisis in Gaza. The complex nature of these conflicts, combined with regional dynamics and international involvement, underscores the challenges in achieving lasting peace in the region.