Ohio state income taxes are imposed on residents and are based on a progressive tax rate, meaning higher incomes are subject to higher tax rates. Ohioans file state taxes in addition to federal taxes, and the state tax structure includes multiple income brackets to ensure tax contributions are proportionate to income levels. Taxpayers can claim deductions and credits that apply to various scenarios, like education or dependents, to potentially lower their taxable income. Ohio also requires additional local income taxes in many cities. State revenue collected through these taxes supports public services, infrastructure, education, and healthcare programs, aiming to enhance quality of life for Ohio residents.