Before the establishment of Israel as an independent state in 1948, the region was known by various names through different eras. Under the Roman Empire, the name 'Palaestina' was introduced as part of an effort to suppress Jewish identity after the Bar Kokhba revolt in 135 CE. The name Palestine persisted through Byzantine, Islamic, Ottoman, and British rule, though other local names like Eretz Yisrael (Land of Israel) and the Holy Land were also used. With the defeat of the Ottoman Empire in World War I, the League of Nations mandated British control over this territory, which became the British Mandate for Palestine. This mandate aimed to establish a 'national home for the Jewish people' while protecting the rights of non-Jewish communities. By 1947, following tension and violence between Jewish and Arab communities, the United Nations proposed partitioning Palestine into separate Jewish and Arab states. This proposal set the groundwork for the creation of Israel in 1948, a name reflecting ancient and biblical heritage in the region. Since then, the names Israel and Palestine have been widely recognized, each reflecting deep-rooted historical and cultural significance.