The 'Branch is protected' error occurs when GitHub has enabled protection rules on a branch, typically the `main` or `master` branch, restricting direct pushes to ensure code quality and stability. Instead of pushing directly, submit your changes via a pull request, which allows code review and safe integration into the protected branch. If you’re an administrator, you can modify branch protection settings under *Settings > Branches*, adjusting permissions to allow specific users or teams to push directly, bypass status checks, or even allow force pushes if required. Using pull requests maintains a collaborative workflow while respecting the integrity of protected branches.