doorgets-ng-translate

Best Angular 2/4/5/6 (ngx) ng6 translate module i18n (internationalization) from JSON file with pluralization (Zero value state included)

Demo: http://www.ng-translate.com

Plunker: https://plnkr.co/edit/bpqyjTLuFIzZtR33Ov24?p=preview

Table of contents

• Installation
• Configuration
  • SystemJS
  • Webpack
  • Ionic2
• How it works
  • Interpolation without params
  • Interpolation with Simple params
  • Interpolation with Pluraliszation params
  • Interpolation with Zero value params
• Examples usage
  • Simple translation
  • Simple translation from shortcut
  • Translate with params
  • Translate with params from shortcut
  • Translate with muliple params
  • Translate with muliple params from shortcut
  • Translate with plural params
  • Translate with plural params from shortcut
  • Translate with Zero value params
  • Translate with Zero value params from shortcut
• Api Reference
  • Setup your ng translate module
  • Change current language
  • Translation using get method
  • Translation using get method with params
  • Translation in instant

Installation

Install npm module

// Angular 15+
npm install doorgets-ng-translate --save

// Angular 2 -> 8
npm install [email protected] --save

Configuration

Configuration with SystemJS

1. Import doorgets-ng-translate module into systemjs-config.ts file:

System.config({
  ...
  map: {
    ...,
    'doorgets-ng-translate': 'node_modules/doorgets-ng-translate'
  },
  packages: {
    ...,
    'doorgets-ng-translate': {main: 'bundles/doorgets-ng-translate.umd.js', defaultExtension: 'js'}
});

2. Update your app.module.ts file:

import { HttpModule } from '@angular/http';
import { BrowserModule } from '@angular/platform-browser';
import { NgModule } from '@angular/core';
import { DoorgetsTranslateModule } from 'doorgets-ng-translate';
import { AppComponent } from './app.component';

@NgModule({
    imports: [
        BrowserModule,
        HttpModule,
        DoorgetsTranslateModule.forRoot()
    ],
    declarations: [AppComponent],
    bootstrap: [AppComponent]
})
export class AppModule {
}

Import:

...
import { HttpModule } from '@angular/http';
import { DoorgetsTranslateModule } from 'doorgets-ng-translate';
...

@NgModule:

  imports: [
    BrowserModule,
    HttpModule,
    DoorgetsTranslateModule.forRoot()
  ],

3. Update your app.component.ts file:

import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
import { DoorgetsTranslateService } from 'doorgets-ng-translate';

@Component({
    selector: 'my-app',
    template: ``,
})
export class AppComponent implements OnInit {
    constructor(private doorgetsTranslateService: DoorgetsTranslateService) { }

    ngOnInit() {
      this.doorGetTranslateService.init({
        languages: ['en', 'fr'],
        current: 'fr',
        default: 'fr'
      });
    }
}

Import DoorgetsTranslateService:

  import { DoorgetsTranslateService } from 'doorgets-ng-translate';

Init constructor:

  constructor(private doorGetTranslateService: DoorgetsTranslateService) {}

Set Languages, Current and Default:

  ngOnInit() {
    this.doorGetTranslateService.init({
      languages: ['en', 'fr'],
      current: 'fr',
      default: 'fr'
    });
  }

####4. Finally, create a locale folder at the root of your project with appropiate country traduction files

|-- + locale/
    |-- en.json
    |-- fr.json
    |-- es.json
    |-- ...
|-- + src/
|-- package.json
|-- tsconfig.json
|-- systemjs.config.js

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Configuration with Webpack

1. Import doorgets-ng-translate module into vendor.ts file:

// Angular
import '@angular/platform-browser';
import '@angular/platform-browser-dynamic';
import '@angular/core';
import '@angular/common';
import '@angular/http';
import '@angular/router';
// RxJS
import 'rxjs';
// Doorgets
import 'doorgets-ng-translate';

2. Update app.module.ts file (Angular 9):

import { NgModule } from '@angular/core';
import { HttpModule } from '@angular/http';
import { HttpClient } from '@angular/common/http';

import { BrowserModule }  from '@angular/platform-browser';
import { AppComponent } from './app.component';

import { DoorgetsTranslateModule , NgTranslate, NgTranslateAbstract } from 'doorgets-ng-translate';

export function newNgTranslate(http: HttpClient) {
  return new NgTranslate(http, '../../public/locale');
}

@NgModule({
  imports: [
    HttpModule,
    DoorgetsTranslateModule.forRoot({
      provide: NgTranslateAbstract,
      useFactory: (newNgTranslate),
      deps: [HttpClient]
    }),
    BrowserModule
  ],
  declarations: [
    AppComponent
  ],
  bootstrap: [ AppComponent ]
})
export class AppModule { }

Import:

...
import { HttpModule, Http } from '@angular/http';
import { HttpClient } from '@angular/common/http';
import { DoorgetsTranslateModule , NgTranslate, NgTranslateAbstract } from 'doorgets-ng-translate';
...

Export:

...
export function newNgTranslate(http: HttpClient) {
  return new NgTranslate(http, '../../public/locale');
}
...

@NgModule:

  imports: [
    HttpModule,
    DoorgetsTranslateModule.forRoot({
      provide: NgTranslateAbstract,
      useFactory: (newNgTranslate),
      deps: [Http]
    }),
    BrowserModule
  ],

2. Update app.module.ts file (Angular 2 -> 8):

import { NgModule } from '@angular/core';
import { HttpModule, Http } from '@angular/http';
import { BrowserModule }  from '@angular/platform-browser';
import { AppComponent } from './app.component';

import { DoorgetsTranslateModule , NgTranslate, NgTranslateAbstract } from 'doorgets-ng-translate';

export function newNgTranslate(http: Http) {
  return new NgTranslate(http, '../../public/locale');
}

@NgModule({
  imports: [
    HttpModule,
    DoorgetsTranslateModule.forRoot({
      provide: NgTranslateAbstract,
      useFactory: (newNgTranslate),
      deps: [Http]
    }),
    BrowserModule
  ],
  declarations: [
    AppComponent
  ],
  bootstrap: [ AppComponent ]
})
export class AppModule { }

Import:

...
import { HttpModule, Http } from '@angular/http';
import { DoorgetsTranslateModule , NgTranslate, NgTranslateAbstract } from 'doorgets-ng-translate';
...

Export:

...
export function newNgTranslate(http: Http) {
  return new NgTranslate(http, '../../public/locale');
}
...

@NgModule:

  imports: [
    HttpModule,
    DoorgetsTranslateModule.forRoot({
      provide: NgTranslateAbstract,
      useFactory: (newNgTranslate),
      deps: [Http]
    }),
    BrowserModule
  ],

3. Update app.component.ts file:

import { Component, OnInit, ChangeDetectionStrategy } from '@angular/core';
import '../../public/css/styles.css';

import { DoorgetsTranslateService } from 'doorgets-ng-translate';

@Component({
  selector: 'my-app',
  templateUrl: './app.component.html',
  styleUrls: ['./app.component.css'],
  changeDetection: ChangeDetectionStrategy.OnPush
})
export class AppComponent implements OnInit {

  constructor(private doorGetTranslateService: DoorgetsTranslateService) {}

  ngOnInit() {
    this.doorGetTranslateService.init({
      languages: ['en', 'fr'],
      current: 'fr',
      default: 'fr'
    });
  }
}

Import DoorgetsTranslateService:

  import { DoorgetsTranslateService } from 'doorgets-ng-translate';

Init constructor:

  constructor(private doorGetTranslateService: DoorgetsTranslateService) {}

Set Languages, Current and Default:

  ngOnInit() {
    this.doorGetTranslateService.init({
      languages: ['en', 'fr'],
      current: 'fr',
      default: 'fr'
    });
  }

4. Finally, create a locale folder at the public folder of your project with appropiate country traduction files

|-- + public/
    |-- + locale/
        |-- en.json
        |-- fr.json
        |-- es.json
        |-- ...
|-- + config/
|-- + src/
|-- package.json
|-- tsconfig.json
|-- webpack.config.js

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Configuration with Ionic2

1. Update app.module.ts file

import { NgModule, ErrorHandler } from '@angular/core';
import { HttpModule, Http } from '@angular/http';
import { FormsModule } from '@angular/forms';

import { IonicApp, IonicModule, IonicErrorHandler } from 'ionic-angular';
import { MyApp } from './app.component';
import { AboutPage } from '../pages/about/about';
import { ContactPage } from '../pages/contact/contact';
import { HomePage } from '../pages/home/home';
import { TabsPage } from '../pages/tabs/tabs';

import { DoorgetsTranslateModule , NgTranslate, NgTranslateAbstract } from 'doorgets-ng-translate';

export function newNgTranslate(http: Http) {
  return new NgTranslate(http, './assets/locale');
}

@NgModule({
  declarations: [
    MyApp,
    AboutPage,
    ContactPage,
    HomePage,
    TabsPage
  ],
  imports: [
    HttpModule,
    DoorgetsTranslateModule.forRoot({
      provide: NgTranslateAbstract,
      useFactory: (newNgTranslate),
      deps: [Http]
    }),
    IonicModule.forRoot(MyApp),
    FormsModule
  ],
  bootstrap: [IonicApp],
  entryComponents: [
    MyApp,
    AboutPage,
    ContactPage,
    HomePage,
    TabsPage
  ],
  providers: [{provide: ErrorHandler, useClass: IonicErrorHandler}]
})
export class AppModule {}

Import:

...
import { HttpModule, Http } from '@angular/http';
import { DoorgetsTranslateModule , NgTranslate, NgTranslateAbstract } from 'doorgets-ng-translate';
...

Export:

...
export function newNgTranslate(http: Http) {
  return new NgTranslate(http, './assets/locale');
}
...

@NgModule:

  imports: [
    HttpModule,
    DoorgetsTranslateModule.forRoot({
      provide: NgTranslateAbstract,
      useFactory: (newNgTranslate),
      deps: [Http]
    }),
    IonicModule.forRoot(MyApp),
    FormsModule
  ],

2. Update app.component.ts file:

import { Component } from '@angular/core';
import { Platform } from 'ionic-angular';
import { StatusBar, Splashscreen } from 'ionic-native';

import { TabsPage } from '../pages/tabs/tabs';

import { DoorgetsTranslateService } from 'doorgets-ng-translate';

@Component({
  templateUrl: 'app.html'
})
export class MyApp {

  rootPage = TabsPage;

  constructor(platform: Platform, private doorgetsTranslateService: DoorgetsTranslateService) {
    platform.ready().then(() => {
      doorgetsTranslateService.init({
        languages: ['en', 'fr'],
        current: 'fr',
        default: 'fr'
      });

      StatusBar.styleDefault();
      Splashscreen.hide();
    });
  }
}

Import DoorgetsTranslateService:

  import { DoorgetsTranslateService } from 'doorgets-ng-translate';

Init constructor:

  constructor(platform: Platform, private doorgetsTranslateService: DoorgetsTranslateService) {

Set Languages, Current and Default:

  platform.ready().then(() => {
    doorgetsTranslateService.init({
      languages: ['en', 'fr'],
      current: 'fr',
      default: 'fr'
    });

    StatusBar.styleDefault();
    Splashscreen.hide();
  });

3. Finally, create a locale folder at the assets folder of your project with appropiate country traduction files

|-- + resources/
|-- + src/
    |-- + assets/
        |-- + locale/
            |-- en.json
            |-- fr.json
            |-- es.json
            |-- ...
    |-- + app/
    |-- + pages/
    |-- + theme/
    |-- ...
|-- config.xml
|-- package.json
|-- tsconfig.json
|-- ionic.config.json

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How it works

Interpolation without params

Translation file:

  {
    "How are you?": "Comment ça va?",
    "hello": {
      "form": "Comment ça va?"
    }
  }

For simple translation you can use human sentence inside key object:

  "How are you?" // result => Comment ça va?

Or your can use key and subkey:

  "hello.form" // result => Comment ça va?

Interpolation with Simple params

Params works with collection ['firstParam', 'secondParam', '...'], not Object {}

Marker key is the concatenation of $ and position key inside collection

Why? this is very faster than object !

Translation file:

  {
    "Hello $0, my name is $1, i live in $2": "Salut $0, je m'appel $1, je vie à $2"
  }

Collection params: ["John Doe", "Mounir R'Quiba", "Paris"]

  // $ + position => $0 => John Doe
  // $ + position => $1 => Mounir R'Quiba
  // $ + position => $2 => Paris
  "Hello $0, my name is $1, i live in $2"
  // result => "Salut John Doe, je m'appel Mounir R'Quiba, je vie à Paris"

Interpolation with Pluralization params

Pluralizaition works with THE BANANA IN THE BOX [( open tag and )] to close tag

Every block is serparated by a pipe |

You can use 1 to 3 blocks, so the maximum of pipes is 2

Translation file:

  {
    "I have [($0|$0 apple|$0 apples)] in [($1|$1 bag|$1 bags)]": "J'ai [($0|$0 pomme|$0 pommes)] dans [($1|$1 sac|$1 sacs)]"
  }

Collection params: [2, 1]

  // $ + position => $0 => 2
  // $ + position => $1 => 1
  "I have [($0|$0 apple|$0 apples)] in [($1|$1 bag|$1 bags)]"
  // result => "J'ai 2 pommes dans 1 sac"

Explanation

   [($0|$0 apple|$0 apples)]

block 1: $0 is the key to find

block 2: $0 apple is the translated sentence when $0 <= 1

block 3: $0 apples is the translated sentence when $0 > 1

Interpolation with Zero value params

Zero value works with THE BANANA IN THE BOX [( open tag and )] to close tag

Every block is serparated by a pipe |

You can use 1 to 4 blocks, so the maximum of pipes is 3

Translation file:

  {
    "I have [($0|$0 apple|$0 apples|nothing)] [($1|in my bag|in $1 bags|)]": "[($0|J'ai une pomme|J'ai $0 pommes|Je n'ai rien)] [($1|dans mon sac|dans mes $1 sacs|)]"
  }

Collection params: [1, 1]

  // $ + position => $0 => 1
  // $ + position => $1 => 1
  "I have [($0|$0 apple|$0 apples|nothing)] in [($1|$1 bag|$1 bags|my bag)]"
  // result => "J'ai une pomme dans mon sac"

Collection params: [0, 0]

  // $ + position => $0 => 0
  // $ + position => $1 => 0
  "I have [($0|$0 apple|$0 apples|nothing)] in [($1|$1 bag|$1 bags|my bag)]"
  // result => "Je n'ai rien"

Explanation

   [($0|$0 apple|$0 apples|nothing)]

block 1: $0 is the key to find

block 2: $0 apple is the translated sentence when $0 == 1

block 3: $0 apples is the translated sentence when $0 > 1

block 4: nothing is the translated sentence when $0 <= 0

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Examples usage

Simple translation

./locale/fr.json

{
  "Are you ready?": "Êtes-vous prêt ?",
}

@Directive:

    <span [dgTranslate]>Are you ready?</span>

Output: Êtes-vous prêt ?

@Directive:

    <span [dgTranslate]="'Are you ready?'"></span>

Output: Êtes-vous prêt ?

@Pipe:

    {{ 'Are you ready?' | dgTranslate }}

Output: Êtes-vous prêt ?

Simple translation from shortcut

./locale/fr.json

{
  "label": {
    "ready": "Êtes-vous prêt ?"
  }
}

@Directive:

    <span [dgTranslate]>label.ready</span>

Output: Êtes-vous prêt ?

@Directive:

    <span [dgTranslate]="label.ready'"></span>

Output: Êtes-vous prêt ?

@Pipe:

    {{ label.ready' | dgTranslate }}

Output: Êtes-vous prêt ?

Translate with params

./locale/fr.json

{
  "Hello $0": "Salut $0"
}

@Directive:

    <span [dgTranslate] [dgTranslateOptions]="[myName]">
      Hello $0
    </span>

myName = Mounir R'Quiba

Output: Salut Mounir R'Quiba

@Directive:

    <span [dgTranslate]="'Hello $0'" [dgTranslateOptions]="[myName]"></span>

myName = Mounir R'Quiba

Output: Salut Mounir R'Quiba

@Pipe:

    {{ 'Hello $0' | dgTranslate :myName }}

myName = Mounir R'Quiba

Output: Salut Mounir R'Quiba

Translate with params from shortcut

./locale/fr.json

{
  "label": {
    "hello": "Salut $0"
  }
}

@Directive:

    <span [dgTranslate] [dgTranslateOptions]="[myName]">
     label.hello
    </span>

myName = Mounir R'Quiba;

Output: Salut Mounir R'Quiba

@Directive:

    <span [dgTranslate]="'label.hello'" [dgTranslateOptions]="[myName]"></span>

myName = Mounir R'Quiba;

Output: Salut Mounir R'Quiba

@Pipe:

    {{ 'label.hello' | dgTranslate :myName }}

myName = Mounir R'Quiba;

Output: Salut Mounir R'Quiba

Translate with muliple params

./locale/fr.json

{
  "label": {
    "name": "Je m'appel $0 j'aime coder avec $1"
  }
}

@Directive:

    <span [dgTranslate] [dgTranslateOptions]="[myName, myLanguage]">
      My name is $0 I like coding with $1
    </span>

myName = Mounir R'Quiba; myLanguage = Angular 2;

Output: Je m'appel Mounir R'Quiba j'aime coder avec Angular 2

@Directive:

    <span [dgTranslate]="'My name is $0 I like coding with $1'" [dgTranslateOptions]="[myName, myLanguage]"></span>

myName = Mounir R'Quiba; myLanguage = Angular 2;

Output: Je m'appel Mounir R'Quiba j'aime coder avec Angular 2

@Pipe:

    {{ 'My name is $0 I like coding with $1' | dgTranslate :myName :myLanguage }}

myName = Mounir R'Quiba; myLanguage = Angular 2;

Output: Je m'appel Mounir R'Quiba j'aime coder avec Angular 2

Translate with muliple params from shortcut

./locale/fr.json

{
  "label": {
    "name": "Je m'appel $0 j'aime coder avec $1"
  }
}

@Directive:

    <span [dgTranslate] [dgTranslateOptions]="[myName, myLanguage]">
     label.name
    </span>

myName = Mounir R'Quiba; myLanguage = Angular 2;

Output: Je m'appel Mounir R'Quiba j'aime coder avec Angular 2

@Directive:

    <span [dgTranslate]="'label.name'" [dgTranslateOptions]="[myName, myLanguage]"></span>

myName = Mounir R'Quiba; myLanguage = Mounir R'Quiba

Output: Je m'appel Mounir R'Quiba j'aime coder avec Angular 2

@Pipe:

    {{ 'label.name' | dgTranslate :myName :myLanguage }}

myName = Mounir R'Quiba; myLanguage = Mounir R'Quiba

Output: Je m'appel Mounir R'Quiba j'aime coder avec Angular 2

Translate with plural params

./locale/fr.json

{
  "I have [($0|$0 apple|$0 apples)] in [($1|$1 bag|$1 bags)]": "J'ai [($0|$0 pomme|$0 pommes)] dans [($1|$1 sac|$1 sacs)]"
}

@Directive:

    <span [dgTranslate] [dgTranslateOptions]="[countApple, countBag]">
      I have [($0|$0 apple|$0 apples)] in [($1|$1 bag|$1 bags)]
    </span>

countApple = 2; countBag = 1;

Output: J'ai 2 pommes dans 1 sac

@Directive:

    <span [dgTranslate]="'I have [($0|$0 apple|$0 apples)] in [($1|$1 bag|$1 bags)]'" [dgTranslateOptions]="[countApple, countBag]"></span>

countApple = 2; countBag = 1;

Output: J'ai 2 pommes dans 1 sac

@Pipe:

    {{ 'I have [($0|$0 apple|$0 apples)] in [($1|$1 bag|$1 bags)]' | dgTranslate :countApple :countBag }}

countApple = 2; countBag = 1;

Output: J'ai 2 pommes dans 1 sac

Translate with plural params from shortcut

./locale/fr.json

{
  "label": {
    "quantity": "J'ai [($0|$0 pomme|$0 pommes)] dans [($1|$1 sac|$1 sacs)]"
  }
}

@Directive:

    <span [dgTranslate] [dgTranslateOptions]="[countApple, countBag]">
     label.quantity
    </span>

countApple = 2; countBag = 1;

Output: J'ai 2 pommes dans 1 sac

@Directive:

    <span [dgTranslate]="'label.quantity'" [dgTranslateOptions]="[countApple, countBag]"></span>

countApple = 2; countBag = 1;

Output: J'ai 2 pommes dans 1 sac

@Pipe:

    {{ 'label.quantity' | dgTranslate :countApple :countBag }}

countApple = 2; countBag = 1;

Output: J'ai 2 pommes dans 1 sac

Translate with Zero value params

./locale/fr.json

{
  "I have [($0|$0 apple|$0 apples|nothing)] in [($1|$1 bag|$1 bags|my bag)]": "J'ai [($0|$0 pomme|$0 pommes|rien)] dans [($1|$1 sac|$1 sacs|mon sac)]"
}

@Directive:

    <span [dgTranslate] [dgTranslateOptions]="[countApple, countBag]">
      I have [($0|$0 apple|$0 apples|nothing)] in [($1|$1 bag|$1 bags|my bag)]
    </span>

countApple = 2; countBag = 1;

Output: J'ai 2 pommes dans 1 sac

countApple = 0; countBag = 0;

Output: J'ai rien dans mon sac

@Directive:

    <span [dgTranslate]="'I have [($0|$0 apple|$0 apples|nothing)] in [($1|$1 bag|$1 bags|my bag)]'" [dgTranslateOptions]="[countApple, countBag]"></span>

countApple = 2; countBag = 1;

Output: J'ai 2 pommes dans 1 sac

countApple = 0; countBag = 0;

Output: J'ai rien dans mon sac

@Pipe:

    {{ 'I have [($0|$0 apple|$0 apples|nothing)] in [($1|$1 bag|$1 bags|my bag)]' | dgTranslate :countApple :countBag }}

countApple = 2; countBag = 1;

Output: J'ai 2 pommes dans 1 sac

countApple = 0; countBag = 0;

Output: J'ai rien dans mon sac

Translate with zero value params from shortcut

./locale/fr.json

{
  "label": {
    "zero": "J'ai [($0|$0 pomme|$0 pommes|rien)] en [($1|$1 sac|$1 sacs|mon sac)]"
  }
}

@Directive:

    <span [dgTranslate] [dgTranslateOptions]="[countApple, countBag]">
     label.zero
    </span>

countApple = 2; countBag = 1;

Output: J'ai 2 pommes dans 1 sac

countApple = 0; countBag = 0;

Output: J'ai rien dans mon sac

@Directive:

    <span [dgTranslate]="'label.zero'" [dgTranslateOptions]="[countApple, countBag]"></span>

countApple = 2; countBag = 1;

Output: J'ai 2 pommes dans 1 sac

countApple = 0; countBag = 0;

Output: J'ai rien dans mon sac

@Pipe:

    {{ 'label.zero' | dgTranslate :countApple :countBag }}

countApple = 2; countBag = 1;

Output: J'ai 2 pommes dans 1 sac

countApple = 0; countBag = 0;

Output: J'ai rien dans mon sac

Api Reference

Setup your ng translate module

Quick init

 doorGetTranslateService.init({
  languages: ['fr', 'en'],
  current: 'fr',
  default: 'en'
 });

Or

 doorGetTranslateService.add(['fr', 'en'])
 doorGetTranslateService.setCurrent('fr');
 doorGetTranslateService.setDefault('fr');

Change current language

  doorGetTranslateService.setCurrent('en');

Translation using get method

  doorGetTranslateService.get('myKey').subscribe((res: string) => {
    // res contain translated value
  });

Translation using get method with params

  doorGetTranslateService.get('myKey', [1, 1]).subscribe((res: string) => {
    // res contain translated value
  });

Translation in instant

  // res contain translated value
  res = doorGetTranslateService.instant('myKey');

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License

The MIT License

Copyright (c) 2017 Mounir R'Quiba http://www.doorgets.com/

Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.

THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

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